There are  different ways of visualizing the  bronchial tree.  One of these ways is to view it  as a hierarchy of mountains one layered on  top of the other. Each mountain emanates  from the summit of another mountain. Meru is somewhat different from the other mountains; it is special   in the sense that it seems to have four mountains specially acting as its base. But the pattern of child mountains emerging from the parent is first established  in Meru as the foot-mountains Mandara, Meru Mandara,Suparsva and Kumuda emerge from the summit of Meru (primary bronchus). Both the left and the right primary bronchi are included as the northern and southern halves of Meru. Both lungs are included but this  not  afforded in the case of the other mountains. The elephants of the quarters, the dikgajas), refer to the heavier  bronchi (either eight sub-lobar bronchi or the eight segmental bronchi of the left lung  ).